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介绍了中国肥料利用率状况、所施肥料的去向及土壤中养分的积累与亏损。据估计,中国自1985~1996年,约有9900万吨N被淋失和逸散,6000万吨P2O5和1400万吨K2O固定于土壤中。如何提高肥料利用率是中国化学肥料工业紧迫的课题,针对不同类型化肥厂提出了生产控制释放肥料、腐植酸螯合尿素、稳定的碳酸氢铵、部分酸化磷矿复合肥料、完全水溶性复合肥料以及熔融钾镁肥的途径,以提高肥料利用率。
The status of fertilizer utilization in China, the whereabouts of fertilizers and the accumulation and loss of nutrients in soil were introduced. It is estimated that from 1985 to 1996, about 99 million tons of N were leached and run-away in China, 60 million tons of P2O5 and 14 million tons of K2O were fixed in the soil. How to improve the fertilizer utilization rate is an urgent issue for China’s chemical fertilizer industry. According to the different types of chemical fertilizer plants, the production of controlled release fertilizer, humic acid chelated urea, stabilized ammonium bicarbonate, partially acidified phosphate rock compound fertilizer, completely water-soluble compound fertilizer As well as ways to melt potash fertilizer to improve fertilizer utilization.