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目的采用效应面—满意度函数法优化莪术超声辅助提取工艺。方法在单因素实验的基础上,以莪术中呋喃二烯与β-榄香烯的提取量为评价指标,采用效应面法,考察液料比、乙醇浓度和超声时间对呋喃二烯与β-榄香烯提取量的影响,结合满意度函数法同时优化呋喃二烯与β-榄香烯的最佳超声辅助提取工艺。结果优化得提取工艺的最适条件为:液料比为7 ml/g,乙醇浓度为75%和超声时间为19 min,同时综合满意度值为1.00。在此最佳提取条件下,呋喃二烯与β-榄香烯的实际提取量分别为137.1μg/g和122.4μg/g,与预测值的偏差分别为0.65%和0.73%。应用此法,呋喃二烯与β-榄香烯提取量高于《中华人民共和国药典》2015年版所载“莪术”中水蒸气蒸馏法的提取量。场发射扫描电子显微镜的结果显示:超声辅助提取明显破坏药材表面结构,使之疏松、空洞。结论效应面—满意度函数法优化所得的莪术超声辅助提取工艺稳定、可行。
Objective To optimize the ultrasonic assisted extraction of Curcuma by response surface-satisfaction function method. Methods On the basis of single factor experiments, the extraction rates of furadiene and β-elemene in Curcuma phaeocais were used as evaluation indexes. The effects of liquid material ratio, ethanol concentration and ultrasonic time on the inhibitory effect of furadiene and β- Elemene extraction volume, combined with satisfaction function method to optimize furan diene and β-elemene best ultrasonic assisted extraction process. Results The optimum conditions for the extraction process were as follows: the ratio of liquid to material was 7 ml / g, the concentration of ethanol was 75% and the time of ultrasound was 19 min, while the comprehensive satisfaction value was 1.00. Under these optimal extraction conditions, the actual extraction rates of furadiene and β-elemene were 137.1μg / g and 122.4μg / g, respectively, which deviated from the predicted values by 0.65% and 0.73%, respectively. Applying this method, the extraction rates of furadiene and β-elemene are higher than those of steam distillation in “Curcuma” contained in the 2015 edition of Pharmacopoeia of the People’s Republic of China. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results show that: ultrasonic assisted extraction significantly damaged the surface structure of medicine, so that loose, hollow. Conclusion The effect-surface-satisfaction function method is a steady and feasible ultrasound-assisted extraction process.