论文部分内容阅读
自连续12年以相同试验方案、不同灌溉方式进行灌溉试验的保护地采集土壤样品,对不同灌溉处理土壤磷素淋失风险进行评价,并对影响土壤磷素淋失临界值大小的因素进行了探讨。灌溉处理设滴灌、沟灌和渗灌三种灌溉方式,采样深度为0~80 cm。结果表明,0~20 cm沟灌、渗灌和滴灌处理土壤的磷素淋失临界值Olsen-P含量分别为59.44 mg kg-1、65.39 mg kg-1和68.57 mg kg-1;而20~40 cm层次的土壤淋失值分别为60.61 mg kg-1,66.8 mg kg-1和70.58 mg kg-1;40~80cm土层则无临界值存在。影响土壤磷素淋失临界值Olsen-P含量的主要因素有土壤pH和有机质、活性Fe、活性Al、有效磷含量;土壤pH值越大、有机质、活性铁、活性铝和Olsen-P含量越高,磷素淋失临界值越大。对三种灌溉处理表层土壤磷素淋失风险进行综合评价,其风险大小顺序为沟灌、渗灌和滴灌,这提示人们在保护地生产中要充分注意土壤磷素有效性,通过选择合理的灌溉方式、改善施肥技术以加强保护地土壤水肥管理,保证作物生产高效、优质和降低环境风险。
Soil samples were collected from protected areas under the same experimental scheme and different irrigation methods for 12 consecutive years. The risk of phosphorus leaching from different irrigation treatments was evaluated. The factors affecting the critical value of soil phosphorus leaching Discussion. Irrigation treatment set drip irrigation, furrow irrigation and irrigation three kinds of irrigation methods, the sampling depth of 0 ~ 80 cm. The results showed that the critical values of Olsen-P of phosphorus leaching from 0-20 cm soil layer were 59.44 mg kg-1, 65.39 mg kg-1 and 68.57 mg kg-1, respectively, while those from 20-40 cm soil layer, the values of soil leaching were 60.61 mg kg-1, 66.8 mg kg-1 and 70.58 mg kg-1, respectively. There was no critical value in the soil layer of 40-80 cm. The main factors influencing the Olsen-P content of soil phosphorus leaching were soil pH and organic matter, active Fe, active Al and available phosphorus. The greater the soil pH, the more organic matter, active iron, active aluminum and Olsen-P content High, phosphorus leaching threshold greater. The comprehensive evaluation of the risk of phosphorus leaching in the three kinds of irrigation topsoil showed that the order of the risks was furrow irrigation, seepage irrigation and drip irrigation. This suggested that people should give full attention to the availability of soil phosphorus in the production of protected areas. By choosing proper irrigation Ways to improve fertilization technology to strengthen soil and water management in protected areas to ensure that crop production is efficient, quality and reduce environmental risks.