论文部分内容阅读
第一部妇女专史《列女传》在西汉后期出现,和历史传统、现实背景及作者特殊的社会地位都有关。在母系氏族社会,由于妇女能为人类种群的存在与发展提供必要的物质保障,因而获得较高的社会地位。进入宗法制社会之后,女性的地位日趋下降。到了汉朝,“三纲五常”的提出,更加确定了女性的从属地位,封建礼教开始形成,对妇德的要求也越来越苛刻。另外,历史上真正的后妃专权、外戚擅政也以西汉为烈,甚至到了内忧外患、大厦将倾的地步。作为汉室宗亲的刘向意识到妇人问题是关系到国家社稷存亡的大政,规范男女的社会关系是非常重要的,为了警诫天子嫔妃,编撰了《列女传》。
The first women’s history “Biography of women” appeared in the late Western Han Dynasty, and historical traditions, background and the author’s special social status are related. In the matriarchal society, women enjoy higher social status because they provide the necessary material guarantees for the existence and development of human populations. After entering patriarchal society, the status of women is declining. In the Han Dynasty, the proposal of “Three Principles and Five Regularities” set the status of women more subordinate, and the feudal ethics began to take shape. The demands on women’s morality were also getting harsher and harsher. In addition, in history, the real powers of empress and empress, as well as the good governance of their relatives, are even stronger in Western Han Dynasty. Liu Xiang, a clan relative of the Han clan, realized that the issue of women is a major political affair that affects the survival and survival of the country’s community. It is very important to regulate the social relations between men and women. In order to warn the emperor and the concubine, he compiled The Biography of Ladies.