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地铁站台发生火灾时,屏蔽门的开关模式对站台火灾烟气流动的影响至关重要。运用FDS软件对某地铁站台进行数值仿真计算,分析了不同端门开闭模式下火灾烟气的温度、扩散区域、沉降高度、在楼扶梯开口处的流速及可用安全疏散时间等特征参数,并对屏蔽门火灾模式进行了验证。结果表明:端门开启模式下,在站台两端区域及楼扶梯开口处火灾烟气均沉降至危险高度,不利于人员安全疏散;端门开启模式使烟气加速向站台两端纵向流动,但不能及时排出,导致烟气在站台两端区域加速混合与沉降,地铁工程不宜采用此种模式。
When a fire broke out at a subway station, the effect of the switch mode of the screen door on the smoke flow at the site was crucial. FDS software was used to simulate the subway platform. The parameters of fire smoke temperature, diffusion area, settlement height, flow rate at the opening of the escalator stairs and available safety evacuation time were analyzed according to different opening and closing modes of the terminal. Screen fire door mode was verified. The results show that the fire smoke in the area of both ends of the platform and the escalator in the staircase settles to a dangerous height under the open end door mode, which is not conducive to the safe evacuation of personnel. The open end mode allows the smoke to flow longitudinally to both ends of the platform, Can not be discharged in time, resulting in accelerated mixing and settling of flue gas on both ends of the platform. Metro project should not adopt this mode.