组织结构: 变纵向管理为横向管理传统的垂直的“管理金字塔”已经不适应社会和经济发展的需要。人在企业中的要求不仅仅只是就业保障、福利待遇,他们愈来愈注重精神方面的满足,如:平等对待、受到尊重、富于挑战等。由此,“权力金字塔”将向“横向管理”演变。因为以权力为基础的等级制度,只会压抑大多数职工的积极性。首次提出这一思想的是斯堪的维亚航空公司(SAS)总裁简·卡尔松。他认为全部公司职员(包括管理人员和一线人员、服务人员)都是平等的,但全部职员中应当首先考虑一线人员及直接为一线工人服务的职员。也就是说包括管理人员在内都必须具备为一线人员服务 Organizational Structure: Changing Vertical Management to Horizontal Management The traditional vertical “management pyramid” has become inadequate for social and economic development. People's requirements in the enterprise are not just employment security and welfare treatment. They are paying more attention to spiritual satisfaction such as equal treatment, respect and challenge. As a result, the “power pyramid” will evolve toward “horizontal management.” Because the power-based hierarchy only suppresses the enthusiasm of most workers. The first thought raised was Jane Carlson, president of Scandinavian Airlines (SAS). He believes that all company staff (including managers and front-line staff, service personnel) are equal, but all staff should first consider first-line staff and direct-line workers serving staff. In other words, including managers must have the front-line staff