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用锌蒸气直接氧化法合成不同形貌的纳米ZnO晶须,考察氧气含量和温度对ZnO晶须形貌的影响。通过调节反应条件,可以获得一维线状、三维四针状和多针状ZnO晶须,探讨了ZnO晶须和二次片晶的形成机理。样品的室温荧光性能分析表明:500 nm附近(450～550 nm)较宽的可见光发射峰,系ZnO晶须表面态效应和氧空位引发的光生空穴复合效应共同作用所致;385 nm处的紫外发射峰对应于ZnO晶须中自由激子的复合而引发的近带边发射。
ZnO whiskers with different morphologies were synthesized by direct oxidation of zinc vapor. The effects of oxygen content and temperature on the morphologies of ZnO whiskers were investigated. By adjusting the reaction conditions, one-dimensional linear, three-dimensional four-needle and multi-needle ZnO whiskers were obtained. The formation mechanism of ZnO whiskers and secondary platelets was discussed. Fluorescence properties of the samples at room temperature showed that the visible emission peak near 500 nm (450-550 nm) was caused by the interaction between the surface state of ZnO whiskers and the photo-hole recombination effect induced by oxygen vacancies. At 385 nm The UV emission peak corresponds to the near-band edge emission caused by the recombination of free excitons in ZnO whiskers.