一、引言 在很多领域中,计算机处理的对象是各种各样的图形或图象。如何把这些图形或图象变换成能为计算机处理的二进制数值信息,是图形或图象输入技术所要解决的问题。 图形往往指的是各种线型图,如图表、地图、测量记录波形、或工程设计图等。而图象则主要指照片或胶片等具有连续明暗变化的面状图,通常是指可见光波段的物象。而目前在遥感或医学领域中,所处理的大都是非可见光波段的图象,因此,也有人把这方面的应用叫做影象处理。本文所说的图象 I. INTRODUCTION In many fields, computers handle a wide variety of graphics or images. How to convert these graphics or images into binary numerical information that can be processed by a computer is a problem to be solved by graphics or image input technology. Graphics often refer to a variety of line drawings, such as charts, maps, measuring recording waveform, or engineering drawings. The image is mainly refers to the film or film with continuous light and dark changes in the shape of the map, usually refers to the visible light band image. At present, in the field of remote sensing or medicine, most of the images handled are in the non-visible wavelength band. Therefore, some people also refer to this application as image processing. The image mentioned here