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目的分析被动物咬伤到犬伤门诊就诊的流行病学因素,为加强狂犬病防治工作提供依据。方法采用描述性研究方法,对动物咬伤病例的性别、年龄、伤口部位、伤口数目、受伤程度、暴露分级、伤人动物情况、伤口处理、狂犬病疫苗及人狂犬病免疫球疍白接种进行统计分析。结果 2012年越秀区犬伤门诊共接诊22 349例,女性占55.19%,其中15~44岁年龄组被咬伤人数最多,占54.01%,伤口部位上肢占53.23%,受伤程度浅表占82.25%,暴露分级中Ⅲ级占61.29%,伤人动物中宠物犬占36.97%,早期伤口自行处理率仅29.61%,全程接种狂犬病疫苗20 143例,占90.13%,使用狂犬病免疫球蛋白人数占病例总数的14.77%。结论必须加强对群众狂犬病防治知识的宣传教育,加强犬类管理,在被动物致伤后应及时清洗伤口,并及时到医疗机构接种狂犬病疫苗和人狂犬病免疫球蛋白。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the epidemiological factors of being bitten by an animal during outpatient visits to provide the basis for strengthening the prevention and treatment of rabies. Methods A descriptive study was conducted to analyze the gender, age, wound site, number of wounds, degree of injury, exposure grade, wounding animals, wound treatment, rabies vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin white vaccination in animal bites . Results A total of 22 349 cases of canine outpatient visits were found in Yuexiu District in 2012, accounting for 55.19% of all cases. Among them, the number of bites was 54.01% in the age group of 15-44 years, 53.23% of the upper limbs in the wounds and 82.25% %, Grade Ⅲ in the grading was 61.29%, pet dogs in the injured animals accounted for 36.97%, early wounds treated only 29.61%, and 20 143 rabies vaccines were vaccinated in the whole process, accounting for 90.13%. The number of rabies immunoglobulin cases 14.77% of the total. Conclusion Publicity and education on public rabies prevention and control knowledge should be strengthened and dog management should be strengthened. Wounds should be promptly cleaned after being injured by animals and vaccinated rabies vaccine and human rabies immunoglobulin in time.