近年来，对胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)系统研究的越来越深入。除了其经典的调节细胞增生和分化、增强代谢活性、抗细胞凋亡、促细胞生存的作用外，IGF系统在肿瘤生长、细胞自噬、长寿与衰老、氧化应激方面的作用更成为当今研究的热点。针对IGF信号通路中相应靶点的药物也逐渐进入试验阶段。本文简要概括了IGFs及其主要信号通路在生长发育和疾病发生中的重要作用，对该系统成分与角膜疾病关系及应用现状进行综述，探讨其存在的问题和前景。“,”Recently, an increasing number of studies on the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system have been conducted.In addition to its well-known regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, enhanced metabolic activity, anti-apoptosis, and promotion of cell survival, the role of IGF in tumor growth, autophagy, longevity and aging, and oxidative stress has become a hot spot.Drugs targeting IGF signaling pathways are also progressing into the clinical experimental phase.This article summarized the important role of IGFs and its major signaling pathways in the growth and development, their relationship with the corneal diseases, and discussed the related problems and prospects.