英国煤矿钻井技术立井机械化施工比传统的钻爆法在凿井速度、成本和安全方面均有明显优势，尤其对于含水的冲积地层。钻井法在英国应用已有较长历史，本文根据最近的一项研究，介绍英国煤矿钻井技术的发展状况。１钻井技术简介钻井工艺方法有多种形式，一般如附图所示。井上钻机钻井法是利用地面上的大型钻井机自上而下凿井。开挖过程可按要求的直径一次成井，也可由扩孔钻机分次成井。用反循环泥浆来清除岩屑，并利用全井深的泥浆来维护井帮的稳定。井内钻机钻井法是利用井内钻机自上而下按要求的井径完成立井开凿，机上有操作控制人员，这种钻机一般在导向井的引导下钻进，岩屑靠自重落入下面的排矸系统。井上钻机反井法是先钻一导孔到地下巷道，再用井上钻机自下而上扩孔，岩屑靠自重落下，反复刷大直到设计断面。井下钻机反钻井法是由一安置在井底的反井钻机由下向上钻进，然后连续扩孔直到设计井径。２　水文与工程地质评价具体开凿方法与支护方法的选择取决于遇到的地层水文与工程地质条件，这在英国尤为重要，因为英国煤田地层条件受深度和地理位置的影响特别大。在英国，对地层条件评价的方法通常是在预定井筒中心线上打一勘测孔，然后对该钻孔及岩芯进行全面的测试分析，其中包括地层地质柱状 British coal mine drilling technology Shaft mechanization construction has obvious advantages over traditional drilling and blasting methods in drilling speed, cost and safety, especially for aquifer alluvial strata. Drilling has a long history of application in the United Kingdom. Based on a recent study, this paper presents the development of coal mine drilling technology in the United Kingdom. A Brief Introduction to Drilling Technology There are many forms of drilling technology, generally shown in the attached drawings. Inverted drilling rig drilling method is the use of the ground on a large drilling machine from top to bottom sinking. Excavation process according to the required diameter of a well, but also by reaming drill sub-divided into wells. Use reverse circulation mud to remove cuttings and use the full depth of mud to maintain wellbore stability. In-well drilling rig drilling method is the use of underground drilling rig top-down according to the required diameter to complete shaft digging, the machine has operation control personnel, this drill is generally guided well into the guide, cuttings by gravity fall into the following gangue system. Inverted drilling rig uphole method is to drill a pilot hole to the underground tunnel, and then uphole drilling machine reaming from bottom to top, debris falling by weight, repeated brushing until the design section. Downhole drilling rig reverse drilling method is set by a bottom-mounted drills Raise down, and then continue to reaming the hole diameter until the design. 2 Hydrology and Engineering Geological Evaluation The choice of specific excavation method and support method depends on the hydrological and engineering geological conditions encountered, which is of particular importance in the United Kingdom because the stratigraphic conditions in the UK coalfield are particularly affected by depth and geography. In the UK, the assessment of formation conditions is usually based on a survey hole drilled at the centerline of a predetermined wellbore, followed by a full test analysis of the borehole and core, including the geologic columnar