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1 前言铸铁具有制品形状自由度大、良好的机械性能、优越的减振性和导热性。而且成本低。因此,它往往在很多工业领域被选定为复杂形状零件的材料,并作为第一替换材料进行研究。在很多工业领域的铁系零件大多用它,特别是交通运输行业用作发动机、轮盘、油压机械尤其是结构件材料。但是近年来环境污染和资源枯乏等问题十分突出,在环境问题观念指导下,要求迅速提高制品的性能,为此设计者不得不寻求以往铸铁零件的代用材料。铝、陶瓷、塑料等作为
1 Introduction Cast iron has the shape of product freedom, good mechanical properties, superior vibration damping and thermal conductivity. And low cost. Therefore, it is often selected as a material of complex shape parts in many industrial fields and studied as a first replacement material. Ironwork parts are mostly used in many industrial fields, especially in the transportation industry for engines, roulettes, hydraulic machinery and especially structural parts. However, problems such as environmental pollution and resource depletion have become prominent in recent years. Under the guidance of the concept of environmental issues, the demand for rapid improvement of the performance of products has led designers to look for alternative materials for cast iron parts in the past. Aluminum, ceramic, plastic and so on