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近十年来糖尿病(DM)已成为威胁国人健康的一大类疾病[1]。在日本、美国、西欧等国家糖尿病肾病(DN)是终末期肾病(ESRD)的最主要病因,有资料显示每年新发的ESRD中DN占40%[2]。20世纪50年代以来,许多学者致力于DN病理结构的研究,但终未形成统一的病理分级。本文就DN病理结构与功能的关系入手,阐述DN的发展规律,突出早期严格控制血糖和肾活检的必要性。
Diabetes mellitus (DM) has become a major group of diseases that threaten the health of the people in the past decade [1]. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in countries such as Japan, the United States, and Western Europe. There are data that show 40% of newly diagnosed ESRD in each year [2]. Since the 1950s, many scholars devoted themselves to the study of the pathological structure of DN, but they did not form a unified pathological classification. This article starts with the relationship between the pathological structure and function of DN, elaborates the development rule of DN and highlights the necessity of strictly controlling blood sugar and renal biopsy in the early stage.