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多向思维是发散思维的重要形式之一。苏轼对庐山面貌的观察:“横看成岭侧成峰,远近高低各不同”;达·芬奇画蛋的体会:“即使是同一只蛋,只要变换一下角度,形状便立即不同了。”这也是多向思维。多向思维打破了思维的单向性,它思考的方式方法和方向都不受现成的固定的单一的框架的束缚,所以多向思维的本质特征乃是一种创造性的思维,在读写教学中应该积极训练和培养。引导学生多向思维的方式方法灵活多样,应视读写的具体内容而定,这里结合自己的教学略谈一二。
Multi-directional thinking is one of the important forms of divergent thinking. Su Shi’s observation of Lushan’s appearance: “Looking into Cheng Ling’s peaks, the distances are different from each other”; Da Vinci’s experience with painting eggs: “Even if it is the same egg, as long as you change the angle, the shape will be different immediately.” This is also a multi-directional thinking. The multi-directional thinking breaks the unidirectionality of thinking, and the way, direction and method of thinking are not constrained by the existing fixed single framework. Therefore, the essential feature of multi-directional thinking is a creative thinking, which is in literacy teaching. It should be actively trained and nurtured. The method of guiding students to think multi-directionally is flexible and varied. It depends on the specific content of reading and writing. Here, we will talk about one or two of our own teaching.