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资金投入是影响国民收入增长的重要途径之一。在早期经济增长理论中,斯密和李嘉图就把财富增长的原因之一归结为资本的积累;在凯恩斯的经济理论中,资本投入直接关系到产出水平。此外,还有一个很重要的因素是资金效率。在各国的经济发展过程中,资金投入及其效率都对国民收入增长起着决定性的作用(见表1),因此对资金及其效率的分析就具有特别重要的意义。
Capital input is one of the important ways to affect the growth of national income. In early economic growth theories, Smith and Ricardo attributed one of the causes of wealth growth to the accumulation of capital; in Keynesian economic theory, capital investment was directly related to the level of output. In addition, there is a very important factor is the financial efficiency. In the process of economic development in various countries, capital investment and its efficiency both play a decisive role in the growth of national income (Table 1). Therefore, the analysis of funds and their efficiency is of special significance.