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单胺氧化酶(nonoamine oxidase,MAO)位于神经细胞线粒体膜上,参与单胺能神经递质包括多巴胺(dopamine,DA)、去甲肾上腺素(moradrenaline,NA)和5-羟色胺(serotonin,5-HT)的降解过程,这种酶还发现于脏器内,如肝,肾和小肠。中枢神经系统中的MAO确认于五十年代末。MAO活性被抑制可导致内源性单胺的蓄积。MAO抑制剂常被用作抗镇静剂,这些药物在动物和人可引起长时间觉醒和取消异相睡眠(或快动眼睡眠)。机理在于增加中缝核内神经元可能是5-HT能神经递质和释放。抗MAO药物还可抑制利血平导致的桥膝枕(ponto-geniculo-occipital,PGO)电活动,它们还可以改变对内分泌的控制和抑制,例如催乳素的释放。
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) is located on the mitochondrial membrane of nerve cells and participates in the monoamine neurotransmitters including dopamine (DA), moradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5-HT) Degradation process, this enzyme also found in organs, such as liver, kidney and small intestine. MAO in the central nervous system was confirmed in the late fifties. Inhibition of MAO activity leads to the accumulation of endogenous monoamines. MAO inhibitors are often used as anti-sedatives and these drugs cause long-term arousals and cancel out-of-phase (or REM sleep) sleep in animals and humans. Mechanism is to increase the nucleus in the nucleus may be neurons 5-HT neurotransmitter and release. Anti-MAO drugs can also inhibit reserpine-induced electrical activity of ponto-geniculo-occipital (PGO), and they can also alter endocrine control and inhibition, such as prolactin release.