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【目的】通过对吉尔吉斯共和国比什凯克地区一处盐碱土壤样品可培养细菌的分离筛选,初步了解该地区土壤微生物生理多样性和系统发育多样性。【方法】利用加盐(NaCl 5%)的R2A、TSB、1/4×NA和Gause No.1培养基筛选耐盐碱菌株。对部分分离菌株的革兰氏染色、耐盐性、生长温度范围、pH耐受、产酶性能进行了比较,进而采用核糖体DNA扩增片段限制性酶切分析(ARDRA)研究了比什凯克地区耐盐碱细菌的群落结构和多样性。【结果】从比什凯克地区盐碱土样中分离得到120株耐盐碱细菌,通过限制性内切酶Hae III对纯化菌株的16S rRNA基因进行酶切分型,根据ARDRA的酶切图谱,将其划分为19个操作分类单元。16S rRNA基因序列测定和系统发育分析结果显示,分离菌株分布于厚壁菌门、放线菌门、变形菌门下的17个种属,且部分菌株的16S rRNA基因序列同源性低于97%,可能是潜在的新种。【结论】比什凯克地区盐碱土样中的耐盐碱细菌不仅具有丰富的多样性,还蕴藏着具有地域特点的新菌种资源。
【Objective】 The objective of this study is to understand the physiological and phylogenetic diversity of soil microbes in this area through the isolation and screening of a culture sample of saline-alkali soils in the Bishkek region of the Kyrgyz Republic. 【Method】 Saline-resistant strains were screened by using R2A, TSB, 1/4 × NA and Gause No.1 medium supplemented with NaCl (5% NaCl). Gram stain, salt tolerance, growth temperature range, pH tolerance and enzyme-producing properties of some isolates were compared, and further ribosomal DNA amplification fragment restriction analysis (ARDRA) Community structure and diversity of saline-alkali-tolerant bacteria in Keke district. 【Result】 120 Saline-resistant bacteria were isolated from saline-alkali soil samples in Bishkek. The 16S rRNA gene of the purified strain was digested by restriction endonuclease Hae III. According to the ARDRA digestion map, It is divided into 19 operating taxa. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and phylogenetic analysis showed that the isolates were distributed in 17 species of Fusarium, actinomycetes and proteobacteria, and the homology of 16S rRNA genes of some strains was less than 97% , May be a potential new species. 【Conclusion】 The saline-alkali-tolerant bacteria in the saline-alkali soil samples of Bishkek region not only have rich diversity, but also contain new species resources with geographical features.