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本文对球墨铸铁试棒断口产生的黑区缺陷进行了探讨,根据扫描电镜、激光显微探针、光镜的观察和分析,发现黑区缺陷既不是石墨漂浮,也不是夹杂物;而是由于孕育工艺不合理,孕育效果不均匀引起的缺陷。在生产球墨铸铁铸件和试验研究中,不管是高韧性球铁,还是高强度球铁,均发现在试棒断口中出现黑区缺陷。机械性能试验报告的备注中,经常注有石墨漂浮缺陷或黑灰夹杂。对高韧性球铁,由于性能不受影响,未给以应有的重视,但在生产和试验高强度球铁时,一旦出现这类缺陷,强度和硬度就达不到要求,不能不引起足够的注意。
Based on the observation and analysis of scanning electron microscopy, laser microprobe and light microscope, it was found that the black area defects are neither floating nor inclusions of graphite; but due to Unreasonable breeding process, uneven breeding effect caused by defects. In the production of ductile iron castings and experimental research, whether it is ductile iron ductile iron, or high-strength ductile iron, were found in the test bar fracture black area defects. Mechanical performance test report notes, often filled with graphite floating defects or mixed with black and gray. For ductile ductile iron, due to the performance is not affected, did not give due attention, but in the production and testing of high-ductile iron, once such defects occur, the strength and hardness to meet the requirements, can not but cause enough Attention.