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本文回顾了最近三十年来在国际上产生过较大影响的语篇理解理论。其中,建构整合模型率先尝试用一个计算模型来解释语篇理解过程;稍后的记忆基础加工观和解释基础加工观则分别从自下而上和自上而下的视角来探讨语篇理解过程;事件标记模型关注情境模型的更新,粒度假设则描述了理解后形成的概念表征精细度。风景模型试图综合以往研究结果以提出更全面的理论。本文对以上理论进行了介绍和分析,并对将来的发展方向做一展望。
This article reviews the theory of discourse comprehension that has had a major impact internationally in the last three decades. Among them, the construction of integration model is the first attempt to explain the process of discourse comprehension by using a calculation model; the later memory-based processing view and interpretation of the basic processing concept explore the process of discourse comprehension from bottom-up and top-down respectively ; Event Markup Model focuses on the updating of context models. Granularity assumption describes the precision of concept representation formed after understanding. The landscape model attempts to synthesize the findings of previous studies to propose a more comprehensive theory. This paper introduces and analyzes the above theories, and makes a prospect of future development.