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选用我国自20世纪60年代以来玉米生产上推广面积超过66.67hm2(1 000万亩)的20个单交种及其32个亲本自交系为研究材料,在北京和山东德州两地种植,调查子粒容重、百粒重、穗长、穗粗和穗行数5个穗部性状。对自交系和杂交种各穗部性状做方差分析,并利用混合线性加显(AD)模型和MINQUE(1)法对穗部性状的遗传方差分量和遗传力进行了剖析,各性状均检测到了极显著的显性效应,广义遗传力均达到了极显著水平;容重和穗行数检测到了加性效应和显性效应,百粒重、穗长、穗粗3个性状未检测到加性效应;对20个杂交种穗部性状做了杂种优势分析。
In this study, we selected 20 single crosses and 32 parents inbred lines of more than 66.67hm2 (10 million mu) popularized in maize production in our country since the 1960s as the research material, and planted them in Beijing and Shandong and Texas, Grain weight, 100 grain weight, spike length, ear diameter and ear number 5 ear traits. The variance analysis of the panicle traits of inbred lines and hybrids was conducted. The genetic variance components and heritability of panicle traits were analyzed by mixed linear additive (AD) model and MINQUE (1) At the extremely significant dominant effect, the general heritability reached the extremely significant level. The additive and dominant effects were detected on the bulk density and the number of ear rows. No additive additive was detected in the three traits of 100-grain weight, panicle length and ear diameter Effect; heterosis analysis of ear traits of 20 hybrids.