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多年以来,很多教师都是按照图1所示的实验装置来进行斯托列托夫光电效应原理约演示实验,它的成功率是比较低的。其主要原因是:第一,锌板被紫外光照射后,在锌板的周围形成一层空间电子云,这层电子云严重地阻碍了光电子的运动,甚至还有相逆的可能,因为紫外光频率与临界固有频率相比不够大,使逸出的光电子所获得的初动能比较小。第二,验电器不够灵敏。
For many years, many teachers have performed the demonstration experiment of the stolentov photoelectric effect principle according to the experimental device shown in Fig. 1, and its success rate is relatively low. The main reasons are: First, after the zinc plate is irradiated with ultraviolet light, a layer of space electron clouds are formed around the zinc plate. This layer of electron cloud seriously hinders the movement of optoelectronics, and even has the possibility of reversal because of ultraviolet rays. The optical frequency is not large enough compared with the critical natural frequency, and the initial kinetic energy obtained by the escaped photoelectron is relatively small. Second, the electroscope is not sensitive enough.