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目的了解衡阳市无偿献血者抗-HIV感染情况,探究血液的安全隐患,为采供血机构开展无偿献血宣传招募和检测工作提供参考依据。方法对2010-2014年衡阳市无偿献血者191 271份血液标本进行ELISA初筛试验,初筛阳性样本送衡阳市疾病控制预防中心,用WB(蛋白免疫印迹法)进行试验结果确认。结果 2010-2014年衡阳市无偿献血人群抗HIV初筛阳性数220例,初筛阳性率为0.115%,确认阳性数43例,确认阳性率为0.022 5%;HIV感染率呈逐年下降趋势(χ~2=52.5,P<0.01);结论衡阳市无偿献血人群中HIV感染率逐年下降,处于低流行稳定水平,感染主要为男性,具有低龄化趋势。为保证输血安全,政府应加强对献血人群,特别是青年男性的宣传教育。加强献血前的健康征询和预防艾滋病的宣传力度。
Objective To understand the anti-HIV infection status of unpaid blood donors in Hengyang, to explore the potential safety hazards of blood and provide reference for blood donation and blood donation and recruitment testing. Methods A total of 191 271 blood samples were collected from Hengyang municipality in 2010-2014 for ELISA screening. Positive samples were collected and sent to Hengyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention to confirm the results of WB (Western blotting). Results In 2010-2014, there were 220 positive cases of HIV positive screening in Hengyang City. The positive rate was 0.115% in primary screening, 43 cases were positive, and the positive rate was 0.022 5%. The HIV infection rate decreased year by year (χ ~ 2 = 52.5, P <0.01). Conclusion The HIV infection rate in the blood donors in Hengyang City decreased year by year, and was at a low epidemic level. The infection was mainly male, with a tendency of younger age. To ensure the safety of blood transfusion, the government should step up publicity and education to blood donors, especially young men. Strengthen pre-blood donation health consultation and prevention of AIDS publicity.