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马克思主义经典作家在竞争与垄断问题上有两个结论:其一,竞争引起垄断,垄断成为资本主义经济的实质;其二,竞争与垄断的辩证关系是商品经济的一般规律。西方市场经济国家在保护竞争反对垄断的实践中认识到,垄断并不等于破坏效率,竞争也不能与效率划等号,关键在既保持规模经济又保证市场竞争的活力。市场竞争繁荣了我国的经济,但我国的企业规模还远不能支撑在世界市场上的激烈竞争,因此,做大我国企业规模是一项迫切的任务。在培育和保护我国市场竞争的过程中,我国的反垄断法应该主要指向垄断行为而非垄断结构。
Marxist classics have two conclusions on competition and monopolization. First, competition leads to monopoly and monopoly becomes the essence of capitalist economy. Second, the dialectical relationship between competition and monopoly is the general law of commodity economy. In the practice of protecting competition and opposing monopoly, western market economy countries have realized that monopolization does not mean destruction of efficiency and competition can not be equated with efficiency. The key point is to maintain the economies of scale and ensure the vitality of market competition. Market competition has prospered our economy. However, the scale of our enterprises is far from able to support fierce competition in the world market. Therefore, it is an urgent task to expand the size of our enterprises. In the process of nurturing and protecting our market competition, our antitrust law should mainly focus on monopolistic behavior rather than monopolistic structure.