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2008年中国改革开放30年,东莞建市20年。这是一个当下最具争议的城市。上世纪末,这个城市,在最短的时间内,以火箭的速度,进入了史上最富有的时期。刚刚过去的2007年,东莞GDP突破3000亿元,富可敌省;在国家统计局发布的中国经济城市排名中,东莞从第15位跃升为第8位;《2007年广东区域综合竞争力评估分析报告》显示,东莞的综合竞争力和综合发展后劲双双领跑广东,位居全省第一。争议如影随形。进入本世纪,“东莞模式”正在逼向极限土地、电力等资源日渐匮乏,原材料、劳动力价格急速上涨,环境保护压力越来越大。土地空间难以为继,能源难以为继,环境容量难以为继,社会容量难以为继,旧的“东莞模式”亦难以为继。同时,物质上的富有终难掩盖其人文发展的缓慢,以及社会管理的滞后——农民的惯性依然顽固,社会治安更加严峻。越富有,反差越强烈。原于人文素质积累的速度远无法匹敌财富积累的速度。这显然不能简单归咎于人们对东莞的偏见。当局者也并不迷。自上而下,务实的东莞人已经直面问题,开始了经济社会的双转型。然而,这并不比当年的共同脱贫来得更容易。毫无疑问,转型必然发生。但转型的主体是谁?转型的动力何在?未来在哪里?作为改革开放最前沿的阵地,这里可能是经验,但也可能是教训。
China’s reform and opening up in 2008 30 years, 20 years in Dongguan City. This is the most controversial city of the moment. At the end of last century, the city entered the richest period in history with the speed of rockets in the shortest possible time. Just past 2007, Dongguan’s GDP exceeded 300 billion yuan, rich and hostile province; in the ranking of China’s economic cities released by the National Bureau of Statistics, Dongguan jumped from No. 15 to No. 8; “2007 Guangdong Regional Comprehensive Competitiveness Assessment Analysis Report ”shows that Dongguan’s overall competitiveness and comprehensive development potential both lead Guangdong, ranking first in the province. Disputes go hand in hand. Into this century, “Dongguan model ” is pressing the limit of land, electricity and other resources increasingly scarce, raw materials, labor prices rose rapidly, increasing pressure on environmental protection. Land space unsustainable, unsustainable energy sources, unsustainable environmental capacity, unsustainable social capacity, the old “Dongguan model” is unsustainable. At the same time, the material affair ends up covering the slow development of humanity and the lag of social management - the peasants’ inertia is still stubborn and the social order of law is even more severe. The richer, the more intense contrast. Due to the accumulation of humanistic quality far can not match the speed of accumulation of wealth. This obviously can not simply be attributed to people’s prejudices in Dongguan. Authorities are not fans either. Top-down and pragmatic people in Dongguan have confronted the issue and started the double-transformation of economy and society. However, this is no easier than the common poverty alleviation of that year. There is no doubt that the transformation must happen. But who is the main body of the transformation? What is the driving force behind the transformation? Where is the future? As the forefront of reform and opening up, this may be experience, but it may also be a lesson.