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1952年初,M.M.巴赫金着手写作《言语体裁问题》时,就叹息语言学中缺乏一个将言说作为“完整言说”而非语法句子的概念。这个“完整言说”“已非语言单位”(也非“话语流”或者“话语链”单位),而是话语交际(peчевоеобЩение)~①单位,它包含的不是意义(значение),而是……与价值——真理、美等等相关的思想(смысл)——它要求得到包含评价的回应性理解~②。在巴赫金看来,言说的意义,“无法从一个方面得到理解。当理解本身作为对话时刻进入整体的意义”(5,337),那时,文本的意义之全部才可能被“从一个方面”揭开(例如,从语言学角度)。
At the beginning of 1952, when M.M. Bahchkin proceeded to write “The Problem of Speech Genres,” there was a lack of notion in sigh linguistics that “speaking” rather than grammatical sentences was used as “complete speech.” This “complete language ” “is not a linguistic unit ” (nor “discourse ” or “discourse chain ” unit), but rather a unit of discourse communication (peчевоеобЩение) (значение), but ... the idea related to value-truth, beauty, etc.-it requires a responsive understanding that includes an evaluation. In Bakhtin’s view, the meaning of the words “can not be understood in one respect.” When understanding the meaning of the whole as a moment of dialogue, “(5,337), then all of the meaning of the text can be” changed from one Aspect "(eg, from a linguistic point of view).