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《铁道部关于贯彻党的十四届三中全会〈决定〉深化铁路改革若干问题的意见》(即《三十条》)既提出了铁路改革的基本方向和总目标,又确定了近期的具体任务和政策措施,初步构成了铁路改革的基本框架。这个《意见》下发一年多以来,铁路运输业围绕着如何建立现代企业制度,怎样走向市场,成为自主经营、自负盈亏、自我约束、自我发展的现代企业,进行了十分积极的探索。本文试图从宏观角度出发,粗略地分析铁路运输业应该如何把握它的改革走势,以便顺利地实现既定目标。
The “Opinions of the Ministry of Railways on Carrying out the Third Plenary Session of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Deciding Some Issues for Deepening Railway Reform” (ie, the “30 Articles”) not only set forth the basic direction and general goal of the railway reform but also set forth the specific Tasks and policy measures initially formed the basic framework for railway reform. Since the issuance of this “Opinion” more than a year ago, the railway transport industry has made a very active exploration about how to establish a modern enterprise system, how to go to the market, and become a modern enterprise operating independently, assuming sole responsibility for its own profits and losses, self-restraining and self-development. This article attempts to make a rough analysis of how the railway transportation industry should grasp the trend of its reform from a macroscopic point of view in order to smoothly achieve its stated goal.