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目的:比较n 18F-前列腺特异性膜抗原(PSMA)-1007 PET/CT与多参数磁共振(mpMRI)对前列腺癌盆腔淋巴结转移的诊断效能。n 方法:回顾性分析2018年11月至2021年4月于四川省肿瘤医院同期行n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT和mpMRI检查的30例前列腺癌患者的临床病理资料。年龄(68.4±6.4)岁，术前血清总前列腺特异性抗原45.70(16.07，100.00)ng/ml。30例中14例PET/CT淋巴结阳性，7例mpMRI淋巴结阳性。术前临床T分期：Tn 1期1例，Tn 2期20例，Tn 3期6例，Tn 4期3例；危险度分层高危29例，中危1例。30例均行腹腔镜根治性前列腺切除术+盆腔扩大淋巴结清扫术。根据术后淋巴结病理检查结果，分析两种影像学检查诊断前列腺癌盆腔淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值，同时采用Kappa检验分析两种影像学检查与术后淋巴结病理结果的一致性。n 结果:本组30例术后病理均为前列腺癌，其中10例盆腔淋巴结阳性。以术后病理作为诊断金标准，按照盆腔淋巴结转移例数计算诊断效能，n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为100.0%(10/10)、80.0%(16/20)、71.4%(10/14)、100.0%(16/16)，Kappa值为0.727；mpMRI诊断盆腔淋巴结转移的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为70.0%(7/10)、100.0%(20/20)、100.0%(7/7)、87.0%(20/23)，Kappa值为0.757；两种方法的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值比较，n P值分别为0.18、0.07、0.30、<0.01。按盆腔淋巴结转移个数计算诊断效能，n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为100.0%(28/28)、98.2%(373/380)、80.0%(28/35)、100.0%(373/373)；mpMRI的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为78.6%(22/28)、100.0%(380/380)、100.0%(22/22)、98.4%(380/386)；两种方法的敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值、阴性预测值比较，差异均有统计学意义(均n P<0.01)。n 结论:18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT诊断淋巴结转移的敏感性和阴性预测值均高于mpMRI，mpMRI诊断的特异性和阳性预测值高于n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT。n “,”Objective:To compare the diagnostic efficacy of n 18F-prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-1007 PET/CT and mpMRI in the diagnosis of pelvic lymph node metastasis of prostate cancer (PCa).n Methods:The clinical data of 30 patients who underwent n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT and mpMRI examinations in Sichuan Cancer Hospital from November 2018 to April 2021 were analyzed. The average age was (68.4±6.4) years old. The preoperative total PSA was 45.70(16.07, 100.00)ng/ml. Among 30 patients, 14 cases were found lymph node positive by PET/CT and 7 cases were found lymph node positive by mpMRI.Combined with the two preoperative imaging methods and the patient\'s PSA level, there was 1 patient in stage Tn 1, 20 patients in stage Tn 2, 6 patients in stage Tn 3, and 3 patients in stage Tn 4. Twenty-nine cases were classified as high risk group and one case was in moderate risk group.All 30 patients underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy and enlarged pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND). According to the postoperative pathological results, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the two imaging techniques for the diagnosis of PCa pelvic lymph node metastasis were calculated, and the consistency of the two imaging techniques for the postoperative pathological results was observed by Kappa test.n Results:All the 30 patients were confirmed to be PCa by postoperative pathology, among which 10 patients were positive for pelvic lymph node biopsy. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for pelvic lymph node metastasis were 100.0% (10/10), 80.0% (16/20), 71.4%(10/14) and 100.0%(16/16) respectively, and Kappa value was 0.727. The sensitivity and specificity of mpMRI were 70.0% (7/10) and 100.0% (20/20), the positive and negative predictive values were 100.0% (7/7) and 87.0%(20/23)respectively, and the Kappa value was 0.757. The n P values of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value between the two imaging methods were 0.18, 0.07, 0.30, <0.01, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in diagnosing the number of pelvic lymph node metastasis were 100%(28/28), 98.2% (373/380), 80.0% (28/35) and 100.0%(373/373), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of mpMRI in diagnosing the number of pelvic lymph node metastasis were 78.6% (22/28), 100.0% (380/380), 100.0% (22/22) and 98.4%(380/386), respectively. The n P values of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of lymph node detection by the two imaging methods were all <0.01, and the differences were statistically significant.n Conclusions:The sensitivity and negative predictive value of n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT for the detection of positive lymph node were higher than mpMRI. The specificity and positive predictive value of mpMRI in detecting positive lymph node metastasis were higher than n 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT examination.n