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如果只对平均收入进行分析,难以了解在其他收入分布水平上两性的收入差异及主要影响因素。本文利用CHNS数据库中1993、2000、2009年三个年份的数据,针对城镇居民的小时工资性别差异,利用分位数回归方法考察了不同收入分布上影响两性工资的因素,并在此基础上借鉴国际上较新的Melly反事实分解法对不同分位点上的性别差异进行了分解。基本结论是:针对在收入分布的低端和高端,我国既存在粘地板效应,也存在一定的天花板效应。在对各个分位点上的性别差异分解后,一个基本的结论是1993年工资差异中的歧视程度最低,2009年两性工资差异中,在各分位点上歧视的程度很严重,这提示我们应该建立和完善公平合理的劳动力市场,减轻对女性劳动者的歧视,真正营造一个两性公平竞争的环境。
If only the average income is analyzed, it is difficult to understand the income differences between the sexes and the main influencing factors at other income distribution levels. Based on the data of three years in 1993, 2000 and 2009 in CHNS database, this paper aims at the gender differences in hourly wages of urban residents and uses the quantile regression method to examine the factors that affect the distribution of the gender pay in different income distributions. Based on this, Newer international Melly counterfactual decomposition of the gender differences in the different points were decomposed. The basic conclusion is: In view of the low end and the high end of income distribution, both the sticky floor effect and the ceiling effect exist in our country. After the disaggregation of gender differences in each sub-locality, a basic conclusion is that among the wage differentials in 1993, the degree of discrimination is the lowest. In 2009, the degree of discrimination among the gender wage differentials at each sub-locality is very serious, which prompts us A fair and reasonable labor market should be established and improved so as to reduce discrimination against female workers and truly create an environment for gender equality and competition.