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目的探讨高频超声诊断甲状腺微小癌(直径≤1cm)的各项超声检测指标诊断价值的比较研究。方法回顾性分析经病理组织学确诊的258例甲状腺肿瘤患者(其中良性结节259个,恶性结节191个),对超声声像图特征的差异进行统计分析,并计算其敏感性、特异性及准确性。结果甲状腺恶性结节的不清晰边界、不规则形状、微钙化、穿入血流、不完整晕环的敏感性均较低;内部低回声的敏感性较高(85.9%)但特异性较低(39.8%);仅有恶性结节的前后径与横径比敏感性、特异性、准确性均较高(93.2%、95.8%、96.8%)。结论各项超声指标相比较,甲状腺小结节的前后径与横径的比值对甲状腺微小癌的早期诊断更有价值。
Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasonography in the diagnosis of thyroid microcarcinoma (diameter≤1cm). Methods A retrospective analysis of 258 cases of thyroid tumors confirmed by histopathology (including 259 benign nodules and 191 malignant nodules) was performed. The differences of echocardiographic features were statistically analyzed and their sensitivity and specificity were calculated And accuracy. Results The malignant thyroid nodules had low sensitivity, irregular shape, irregular shape, microcalcification, penetrating blood flow and incomplete halo. The sensitivity of internal hypoechoic was high (85.9%) but the specificity was lower (39.8%). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of anteroposterior diameter and transverse diameter of only malignant nodules were higher (93.2%, 95.8%, 96.8%). Conclusions Compared with ultrasonic indexes, the ratio of anteroposterior diameter and transverse diameter of small thyroid nodules is more valuable for the early diagnosis of thyroid microcarcinoma.