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鸦片战争后,外国资本主义的入侵给我国传统生产方式带来了广泛、深刻的变化。对近代苏州棉布染织业工场的发展历史的考察,可以帮助对近代中国棉纺织工场的发展及内部情况加深了解。鸦片战争前,我国尽管在某些行业中已零星出现了新的生产方式,但在手工业诸行业中分布最广、地位最突出的棉纺织业内,却几乎没有资本主义萌芽存在。仅有的例外是苏州的棉布整染业,那些由厂商直接经营的染坊、踹坊,形成了“商业资本同工业资本之间最密切的不可分割的联系”,具有“工场手工业的一个最明显的特点”。而作为纺织业主要工序的纺与织,当时苏州则基本停滞在个体性质的家庭手工业阶段。在城市,手工纺织业同样以家庭副业的形式广泛存在,康熙长洲县志载:“(长洲县)地产木棉花甚少,而纺之为纱,织之为布者,家户习为恒产,不止乡落,虽城中亦然。”
After the Opium War, the invasion of foreign capital brought extensive and profound changes to our country’s traditional mode of production. The investigation of the history of the development of the modern Suzhou cotton cloth dyeing and weaving workshop can help to deepen the understanding of the development and internal conditions of the modern Chinese cotton textile workshop. Before the Opium War, despite the sporadic emergence of new modes of production in some industries, our country has almost no capitalist sprout in the most widely distributed and prominent cotton textile industry among the handicraft industries. The only exception was the cotton dyeing industry in Suzhou. Those dyeing factories and workshops that were run directly by the manufacturers formed the “most intimate and inextricable link between commercial capital and industrial capital,” and one of the most obvious specialty“. As the main process of textile spinning and weaving, Suzhou was basically stagnant in the handicraft industry stage of individual nature. In the cities, hand-made textiles are also widely found in the form of family sideline businesses. The Changzhou County of Kangxi County contains: ”(Cheung Chau County) very few kapok real estate, and spun into yarn, woven into cloth, household habit of habitual production , Not only the country, but also the city. "