位于松软岩层中的通风巷道,由于地压大,往往采用混凝土或砌石支护。其净面积是按风量确定的。形状通常为三心拱直墙、圆弧拱直墙、马蹄形……等。当断面的形状和大小确定之后,一般按经验确定厚度,再根据荷载的大小及分布进行内力分析。分析结果如不能满足安全上的要求,则必须改变结构的形状、厚度或者加配钢筋。然后再重复上述的步骤,直到满足要求为止。这种通常的设计方法,只能被动的分析工程结构在荷载作用下的反应,为结构既定方案的校核提供计算数据而已。它不但不能通过一次计算取得最后结果,而且无法得到最优设计。所谓巷道结构的最优设计,就是在满足工艺要求和安全的情况下,使构成单位巷道造价的两个主要指 Ventilation tunnels located in soft rock formations are often supported by concrete or masonry due to the large ground pressure. The net area is determined by the air volume. The shape is usually three heart arch straight wall, arc arch straight wall, horseshoe ... ... and so on. After the shape and size of the cross section are determined, the thickness is generally determined empirically, and then the internal force analysis is performed according to the size and distribution of the load. If the result of the analysis fails to meet the safety requirements, the shape, thickness or reinforcement of the structure must be changed. Then repeat the above steps until you meet the requirements. This conventional design method can only passively analyze the response of the engineering structure under load and provide calculation data for the checking of the established scheme of the structure. It can not only get the final result by one calculation, but also can not get the optimal design. The so-called optimal design of the roadway structure, is to meet the technological requirements and safety of the case, the cost of making the unit laneway two major means