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人们谈起日本式经营时,无不把终身雇用、年功序列和企业内工会列为其基本特征,并称之为“三种神器”。笔者认为这只是日本式经营的一个侧面,日本式经营的三个基本特征应是“协调”的劳资关系、严密的系列化结构和旺盛的技术革新精神,简称为“劳资协调”、系列结构和技术革新。这是日本成长为世界性经济大国的推动力之一。 “劳资协调” 日本企业中的劳资关系并不平等,而始终是以资本(企业经营者)一方为主导的,即劳动者隶属于资本。但二者的关系是“协调”的。这种关系的实质是企业经营者在特定的历史条件下采用种种方法,软硬并施,使劳动
When people talk about Japanese-style business, they all include lifelong employment, annual performance, and intra-firm trade unions as their basic characteristics, and they call it “three artifacts.” The author believes that this is only one aspect of Japanese-style management. The three basic characteristics of Japanese-style management should be “coordinated” labor-management relations, stringent serialization structures, and a strong spirit of technological innovation, referred to as “labor-management coordination”, series structure, and Technological innovation. This is one of the driving forces behind Japan’s growth into a global economic power. “Co-operation between employers and employees” The relationship between employers and employees in Japanese companies is unequal, but it is always led by one side of the capital (enterprise managers), that is, workers are affiliated with capital. But the relationship between the two is “coordination.” The essence of this kind of relationship is that enterprise managers adopt various methods under specific historical conditions.