一、概述 (一)传感器的作用传感器(或称换能器)是一种器件,它能将非电量转换成电量。在一部分传感器中,能量的转换是可逆的。传惑器主要应用在非电量电测技术领域,它将诸如温度、压力、应变、流量、转速、振动幅度等等非电量转换成电量(如电压信号),然后送至电气测量线路或电子仪器进行测量、显示和记录。因此从测量非电信号的要求来看,整个测量系统应包括传感和电测两大环节。这样传感器的频率特性、灵敏度、线性度、信噪比以及输出阻抗是否能与电测环节的输入阻抗合理匹配等等,都会影响到整个测量系统的质量。由于传感 I. Overview (A) the role of sensor Sensor (or transducer) is a device that can convert non-electricity into electricity. In some sensors, the energy conversion is reversible. Transducers are mainly used in the field of non-electrical measurement technology, which converts non-electrical quantities such as temperature, pressure, strain, flow, speed and vibration amplitude into electrical quantities (such as voltage signals) and sends them to electrical measuring circuits or electronic instruments Measure, display and record. Therefore, from the measurement of non-electrical signal requirements, the entire measurement system should include two major aspects of sensing and electrical measurements. This sensor’s frequency characteristics, sensitivity, linearity, signal-to-noise ratio and the output impedance of the input impedance of the measurement link with a reasonable match, etc., will affect the quality of the entire measurement system. Due to sensing