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本文对古代的人和族群以及他们各自的互动关系进行考古学观察,根据陶寺、殷墟、广富林、福泉山等遗址的发掘资料,分析了古代的社会组织关系,探讨了世袭制和奴隶制的起源、环太湖地区早期人群的来源等问题。人和族群的遗传距离各自存在着不同等级的远近关系,遗传学方法有助于从分子生物学的层面上阐明这种关系。因此,遗传学方法在深化考古学研究、为传统考古学提供相对精确的科学依据方面,具有十分广阔的前景。
Based on the excavation data of Taosi, Yinxu, Guangfulin and Fuquanshan sites, this paper analyzes the relationship between the ancient social organizations and the relationships between hereditary system and slaves The origin of the system, the source of the early population around the Taihu Lake area. There are different levels of distance between people and ethnic groups’ genetic distance. Genetics helps to clarify this relationship from the molecular biology level. Therefore, the genetics method has a very broad prospect in deepening archaeological research and providing relatively accurate scientific evidence for traditional archeology.