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据联邦德国的抽样调查报道,占人口的4％在一生中患有一或多个尿路结石。每年有占人口0.5％的人由于患急性结石而不得不接受医疗。依据不同的结石种类,结石的复发率为60％～100％。根据实验室检查,结石的复发可经特异的措施(Meta-phylaxe)而加以阻止。对尿路结石形成的概况介绍如下: 1.20～30岁的结石发病率最高;2.男性的结石率比女性的高;3.较少的身体活动和情绪紧张有助于结石形成;4.单调的饮食及过度摄食是结石形成的一个很基本的因素;5.某些种类的结石是由于先天的酶系统以及肾功能缺陷;6.在尿路感染的基础上可能形成特殊种类的结石。
According to a sample from the Federal Republic of Germany, 4% of the population have one or more urolithiasis in their lifetime. Every year, about 0.5% of the population have to receive medical treatment because of acute stones. According to different types of stones, the recurrence rate of stones is 60% to 100%. According to laboratory tests, the recurrence of stones can be stopped by specific measures (Meta-phylaxe). The formation of urinary tract stones are summarized as follows: 1.20 to 30-year-old stone the highest incidence; 2. The rate of stone in men than women; 3. Less physical activity and emotional stress contribute to the formation of stones; Diet and over-feeding is a very basic factor in the formation of stones; 5. Some types of stones are due to innate enzyme system and renal dysfunction; 6. Based on the urinary tract infection may form a special type of stone.