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随科学技术的日益发展,材料的防振,减噪问题日益受到重视。与以往用非金属物隔振的消极方法不同,对振动具有高衰减能的防振合金可以从根本上吸收振源或噪声源。因此,防振合金的研究新成果与技术已成为工程界的迫切需要。可以说,材料的防振特性与材料的超塑性及形状记忆效果(超弹性)一道,已成为当前最受注目的机械材料三大功能特性。使振动得以衰减的方法一般分为三类:系统减振(System damping);结构减振(Structural damping);材料减振(Material damping)。系统减振是采用油阻尼器或空气阻尼器这样的阻尼系统来吸收振动能。
With the development of science and technology, the anti-vibration and noise reduction of materials are paid more and more attention. Unlike previous passive methods of isolating non-metallic objects, anti-vibration alloys that have a high attenuation of vibrations can fundamentally absorb vibration sources or noise sources. Therefore, the new research results and technology of anti-vibration alloy have become urgent needs of engineering. It can be said that the material’s anti-vibration characteristics and material superplasticity and shape memory effect (superelasticity), has become the current most notable three major functional characteristics of mechanical materials. Methods to attenuate vibration fall into three general categories: System damping; Structural damping; Material damping. System damping is the use of damping systems such as oil dampers or air dampers to absorb vibration energy.