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在黑龙江西部干旱地区,研究了秋旋、深松、春旋和原垄卡4种耕作措施以及中耕对大豆初花期光合特性、水分利用效率和产量的影响。研究结果表明:原垄卡和深松能有效的提高大豆初花期光合速率和水分利用效率,延缓叶绿素的降解,增加干物质积累。中耕后各处理光合速率降低0.8~1.28μmolm-2s-1不等,水分效率最高降低12%,不利于作物抗旱。两年产量数据显示原垄卡和深松耕且不中耕能极显著提高该地区大豆产量,两年最大增幅达18.3%和32.2%。在干旱年份,传统旋耕特别是春旋和中耕措施不同幅度上降低了大豆产量,不适宜该地区农业耕作
In the arid region of western Heilongjiang Province, four kinds of tillage measures, such as autumn rotation, subsoiling, spring rotation and primitive ridge furrow, and the effects of cultivation on photosynthetic characteristics, water use efficiency and yield of early flowering stage were studied. The results showed that: the original ridge card and deep pine can effectively improve the early flowering soybean photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency, retard chlorophyll degradation, increase dry matter accumulation. The photosynthetic rate of each treatment decreased 0.8 ~ 1.28μmolm-2s-1, the maximum water efficiency decreased by 12%, which was not conducive to crop drought resistance. Two-year production data show that the original ridge card and deep-plowing and no-tillage can significantly increase soybean production in the region with the largest increases of 18.3% and 32.2% in the two years. During the dry years, the traditional rotary tillage, especially the spring tillage and mid-tillage measures, reduced the soybean production in different amplitudes and were not suitable for agricultural cultivation in the area