一、引言乔纳森·斯威夫特作为英国文学史上最为杰出的讽刺小说家之一,他创作的作品往往具有一定的讽刺意味,并凭借这些作品在世界文坛上获得了较高的声誉。斯威夫特的小说表面上来看其语言运用较为普通,但实则充满了智慧的光芒,我们往往能够体会到平静之下的不平静,明显感受到其中蕴涵的政治讽刺和科学讽刺带来的讽刺效果。这就是斯威夫特讽刺技巧所具有的深厚功底所在,也是其运用这些讽刺技巧的目的所在。当时正处于爱尔兰人民反对英国殖民主义的 I. Introduction Jonathan Swift, one of the most prominent satirical novelists in the history of British literature, is often ironic in his work and has earned him a high reputation in the world literary world through these works. On the surface, Swift’s novels are more common in language use, but they are actually full of wisdom. We can often experience the calmness under the calmness and obviously feel the ironic effects of political satire and scientific satire . This is where Swift’s satirical skills lie and what their purpose is to use these satirical techniques. At that time, the Irish people opposed British colonialism