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目的探讨母乳喂养对6~11个月婴儿贫血发生的影响。方法采用便利抽样的方法选取了北京地区230名母乳喂养和非母乳喂养婴儿,对婴儿监护人进行一般情况、膳食和喂养情况的调查,并采集末梢血进行血红蛋白测定,采用χ2检验对两组婴儿一般情况、膳食情况和贫血患病情况进行比较,并利用logistics回归分析对婴儿贫血患病的影响因素进行多因素分析。结果非母乳喂养组的每天摄入肉类和鱼类的比例(分别为33.30%和11.70%)高于母乳组(分别为17.50%和2.70%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。母乳组贫血的发生率(19.16%)低于非母乳喂养组(46.36%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素回归分析的结果显示,母乳喂养仍然是6~11月婴儿贫血患病的保护因素(偏回归系数为1.642,P<0.001)。结论母乳喂养是6~11月婴儿贫血患病的保护因素,应该鼓励乳母不要太早断奶。
Objective To investigate the effect of breastfeeding on anemia in infants aged 6 to 11 months. Methods A total of 230 breastfeeding and non-breastfeeding infants in Beijing were selected by the method of convenience sampling. The general situation, diet and feeding status of the infant guardians were investigated. The peripheral blood was collected for hemoglobin determination. Two groups of infants Conditions, dietary conditions and anemia prevalence were compared and the use of logistics regression analysis of factors affecting the prevalence of anemia in infants with multivariate analysis. Results The proportion of daily intake of meat and fish in non-breastfeeding group (33.30% and 11.70%, respectively) was higher than that in breast milk group (17.50% and 2.70% respectively), with statistical significance (P <0.05). The incidence of anemia in breast milk group (19.16%) was lower than that in non-breast milk group (46.36%), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Multivariate regression analysis showed that breastfeeding remained the protective factor of infant anemia from June to November (partial regression coefficient was 1.642, P <0.001). Conclusion Breastfeeding is the protective factor of infantile anemia from June to November. Weak maternal mothers should be encouraged to avoid weaning too early.