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目的了解北京市某社区产妇4个月内纯母乳喂养情况,评价干预措施提高纯母乳喂养率的效果。方法在2012年10月29日-2013年1月4日,采用随机对照试验法,将研究对象随机分为干预组与对照组。自孕晚期至产后4个月内对干预组以手册及短信方式进行宣传教育,对照组未接受任何干预。评价研究对象在产后不同时期的纯母乳喂养情况及相关知识掌握情况。结果产后4个月时两组知识得分较前均有提高,其中干预组提高35.41%,对照组提高32.00%,干预后两组知识得分差异有统计学意义(t=3.95,P<0.001)。干预组产后2个月纯母乳喂养率为54.7%,较对照组高出10.9%;干预组产后4个月纯母乳喂养率为57.1%,较对照组高出12.7%。结论干预措施对提高4个月内纯母乳喂养率有一定效果,可为今后在城市社区开展大范围纯母乳喂养干预提供参考。
Objective To understand the situation of maternal breastfeeding within 4 months in a community in Beijing and to evaluate the effect of interventions on improving the rate of exclusive breastfeeding. Methods From October 29, 2012 to January 4, 2013, randomized controlled trials were used to divide the study subjects into two groups randomly: the intervention group and the control group. During the period from the third trimester to the fourth month after delivery, the intervention group was educated by handbook and SMS, while the control group did not receive any intervention. Evaluation of research object in different periods of postpartum exclusive breastfeeding situation and knowledge of the situation. Results At 4 months postpartum, the knowledge scores of both groups increased compared with the previous period. The intervention group increased 35.41% and the control group increased 32.00%. There was significant difference between the two groups after the intervention (t = 3.95, P <0.001). In the intervention group, the exclusive breastfeeding rate was 54.7% at 2 months after delivery and 10.9% higher than that in the control group. The exclusive breastfeeding rate in the intervention group was 57.1% at 4 months postpartum, 12.7% higher than that in the control group. Conclusions Interventions have a certain effect on improving the rate of exclusive breastfeeding within 4 months, which may provide reference for the future large-scale exclusive breastfeeding intervention in urban communities.