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何谓“基础研究”?美国科学研究发展局主任V·布什在1945年向总统提交的科学报告中这样写道:“基础研究并不考虑实用的目的,它产生的是普遍的知识和对自然及其规律的理解。这种普遍的知识提供了解答大量重要实用问题的方法,但是它不能给出任何一个问题的完全具体的答案。提供这种圆满答案是应用研究的职责。”美国国家科学基金会对基础研究所下的定义是:“发展科学知识的独创性研究,……它没有直接的商业目的。”这两个定义以及其它类似的定义,都是不能令人十分满意的,因为基础研究和与之对应的应用研究的划分,越来越具有相对性。人们公认的“传统的”基础科学(例如物理学和数学),今天
What does “basic research”? V Bush, director of the Bureau of Scientific Research Development, wrote in a scientific report to the president in 1945: “Basic research does not consider practical purposes. It produces universal knowledge and Understanding of nature and its laws This general knowledge provides a way of answering a large number of important practical questions, but it does not give a completely specific answer to any one question, and it is the responsibility of the applied research to provide such a satisfactory answer. The definition of basic research by the National Science Foundation is: ”The ingenious study of the development of scientific knowledge, ... it has no immediate commercial purpose.“ These two definitions and other similar definitions are not valid Very satisfied, because the basic research and the corresponding application of research division, more and more relativistic. People recognize the ”traditional" basic sciences (such as physics and mathematics) today