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Danggui is a widely used herbal drug in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM),and adulteration with European Danggui is frequently encountered in the market place.This study aims at the chemical and biological comparison of Danggui and European Danggui.1H-NMR spectroscopy coupled with multivariate analysis was used to investigate the different metabolites between Danggui and European Danggui,and the results showed that they differed not only in the secondary metabolites,but also regarding the primary metabolites.European Danggui contained higher contents of valine,proline,fumaric acid,phenylalanine,nicotinamide derivative,Z-butylidenephthalide,coniferyl ferulate,ferulic acid,Z-ligustilide and Z,Z-6,67,3a-diligustilide,while Danggui showed higher levels of alanine,γ-aminobutyrate,adenosine,arginine,sucrose,α-glucose,β-glucose,tryptophan,and cis-Z,Z-3a.7a,7a.3a- dihydroxyligustilide.The blood deficiency model was used to compare their biological effect,and Danggui extracts exerted better effects than that of European Danggui.Though European Danggui contained higher level of Z-ligustilide and ferulic acid,Danggui showed better blood enriching effects than European Danggui.Thus,the bioactive compounds responsible for the blood enriching effect in Danggui,as well as their possible synergistic effects,should be further studied.