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目的分析北京市某区尘肺病发病现状,为制定尘肺防治措施提供依据。方法采用《北京市职业病信息网络直报系统》和Excell对2006年5月1日—2010年12月31日确诊的84例尘肺病例进行统计分析。结果该区累积诊断的84例尘肺病,均为晚发性尘肺。尘肺病人以公交、运输系统最多,占总数的71.43%;其次为水利环境系统,占13.10%。尘肺病主要为石棉肺(71.43%),矽肺次之(17.86%)。平均发病工龄23.84 a,平均发病年龄69.99岁。随接尘工龄增加、年龄增大,尘肺病例增多。随诊断年份的推迟尘肺病例逐年增加,晋期病例也呈现逐年增加趋势;脱离粉尘11～30 a发病的最多。结论提示该区还会有晚发尘肺病例出现,但随着时间的推移,脱尘20～30 a的接尘老职工人数的减少,尘肺病例会逐年减少,应重点关注接尘老职工的健康监护。
Objective To analyze the incidence of pneumoconiosis in a district of Beijing and provide evidence for the development of pneumoconiosis prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 84 cases of pneumoconiosis diagnosed from May 1, 2006 to December 31, 2010 were analyzed by Beijing Occupational Disease Information Network Direct Reporting System and Excell. Results 84 cases of pneumoconiosis diagnosed in this area were diagnosed as late-onset pneumoconiosis. Pneumoconiosis patients with public transport, transportation system up, accounting for 71.43% of the total; followed by water conservancy and environmental systems, accounting for 13.10%. The main types of pneumoconiosis were asbestosis (71.43%) and silicosis (17.86%). The average length of service 23.84 a, with an average age of 69.99 years of age. With the increased service life, age, pneumoconiosis increased. The number of pneumoconiosis cases increased with the delay of diagnosis year by year and the cases of advanced disease also showed an increasing trend year by year. The incidence of dust-free pneumoconiosis was the highest among 11-30 years. Conclusions suggest that there may be cases of late-onset pneumoconiosis in the district. However, with the passage of time, the number of old workers receiving dust from 20 to 30 years of dust reduction will decrease and the number of pneumoconiosis cases will decrease year by year. Emphasis should be placed on the health of old workers receiving dust guardianship.