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本文着重讨论语言变异及其产生的文体效果。人们在选择语码进行交际时会遵循一定的语法规则和语用原则。但是有时为了产生不同的文体效果以达到不同的交际目的，人们常常有意识地违背这些语言常规，形成语言变异，尤其是文学作品中，作者往往通过语言变异产生文体效果，继而形成作者自己或某一作品的风格。这里提到的语言变异是两个层面上的变异，即违背语法规则的变异和违背语用原则的变异。这两个层面虽不完全对应，但并不矛盾。认真分析这两个层面上的变异有助于体会文体效果，提高文学赏析水平。
This article focuses on language variation and the stylistic effects it produces. When people choose the code to communicate, they will follow certain grammatical rules and pragmatic principles. However, sometimes in order to produce different stylistic effects to achieve different communicative purposes, people often consciously violate these language conventions to form language variations. In particular, literary works, the authors often produce stylistic effects through language variations, and then form the author himself or herself Style of work The linguistic variations mentioned here are two levels of variation, that is, variations that violate the rules of grammar and those that violate the principles of pragmatics. Although these two levels do not correspond exactly, it is not contradictory. A careful analysis of these two levels of variation helps to understand the stylistic effects and improve the literary appreciation level.