哲学思想中有关启蒙运动的基本观点,例如康德在其《回答这个问题:什么是启蒙?》中关于理性的公共运用的探讨,被当代哲学家福柯和哈贝马斯加以重新论证。他们都注重从政治和伦理的维度去剖析这个议题。本着哈贝马斯的商谈伦理学思想,分析法国国家生命伦理委员会对诸如植入前遗传学诊断的研究报告和讨论之案例,可以更好地理解伦理委员会论证与决定的实际过程。 The basic ideas about the Enlightenment in philosophical thought, such as Kant’s discussion of the public use of reason in his book “Answering this Question: What is Enlightenment?”, Are reaffirmed by contemporary philosophers Foucault and Habermas. They all focus on analyzing this issue from the political and ethical dimensions. In the perspective of Habermas’s discourse ethics, analyzing the case studies of the National Bioethics Committee of France for studies such as preimplantation genetic diagnosis and the case for discussion can provide a better understanding of the actual process of ethics committee argument and decision.