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目的了解北京市西城区4类企业员工对《中华人民共和国职业病防治法》(下称《职业病防治法》和职业卫生相关知识的知晓程度,为有针对性地开展职业健康教育和促进工作提供科学依据。方法采用调查表的方式对4类行业23家企业中的436名员工的职业卫生相关知识和《职业病防治法》相关内容知晓情况、享受职业卫生服务情况、职业病防治知识获取渠道、希望进一步了解的职业病相关知识等内容进行调查分析。结果各行业员工对职业病防治知识知晓率参差不齐,除“粉尘是职业病有害因素”和“危害因素可通过消化道进入人体”的知晓率差异无统计学意义,其余各项相关知识比较差异均有统计学意义;其中“职业危害因素的种类”和“职业病防治法的颁布时间”、“知道《职业病防治法》”、“《职业病防治法》内容”以及“作业场所有害因素的浓度应符合国家职业卫生标准”为低知晓率。4类行业享受职业卫生服务除“参加上岗前培训”、“参加定期职业健康检查”、“定期更换个人防护用品”外,其余各项比较差异均有统计学意义。被调查者获得职业病防治知识的途径不同,各类途径比较,差异有统计学意义,其中单位培训获得职业病防治知识的比例最高,占71.79%。被调查者希望进一步了解的职业病相关知识内容差异有统计学意义,其中想了解“常见职业病、职业多发病的表现及防治知识”的最多,占调查者的82.80%。结论 4类行业员工对《职业病防治法》和职业卫生知识知晓率不同,应针对不同行业进行有侧重的培训,监管部门应在日常监管时把用人单位对职工的职业病防治知识的培训和落实职业卫生服务内容作为监管的重点内容,保护工人的健康权益,减少职业损害和职业病的发生。
Objective To understand the awareness of 4 types of employees in Xicheng District of Beijing on the “Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases” (hereinafter referred to as “Occupational Disease Prevention Law” and occupational health-related knowledge, provide science for targeted health education and promotion work Basis.Methods A questionnaire was used to find out about the occupational health related knowledge and occupational disease prevention and control law of 436 employees in 23 enterprises in 4 industries and enjoy the access to occupational health services and occupational disease prevention knowledge, Understand the relevant knowledge of occupational diseases and other content of the investigation and analysis.Results The awareness of occupational disease prevention and control knowledge of employees in various industries is uneven, except “dust is a harmful factor of occupational diseases” and “dangerous factors can enter the human body through the digestive tract There was no significant difference between the rate of the other relevant knowledge of all the differences were statistically significant; where ”the type of occupational hazards“ and ”the promulgation of the Occupational Disease Prevention Law“, ”know“ Law on Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Diseases ” “, ” Occupational Disease Prevention Law “content ” and “concentration of harmful factors in the workplace should be consistent with the state Industry health standards ”for the low awareness rate .4 category of occupational health services in addition to “ pre-job training ”, “ to participate in regular occupational health check ”, “ regular replacement of personal protective equipment ”, the rest The differences were statistically significant.Respondents access to occupational disease prevention knowledge of different ways, various ways, the difference was statistically significant, of which unit training access to occupational disease prevention and control knowledge, the highest proportion, accounting for 71.79% of the respondents hope Further understanding of the content of knowledge related to occupational diseases was statistically significant, which would like to know “common occupational diseases, occupational frequently-occurring disease performance and prevention knowledge ” the most, accounting for 82.80% of the investigators.Conclusion The four types of industry employees on “prevention and treatment of occupational diseases Law ”and occupational health knowledge awareness rate should be different for different industries should focus on training, supervision departments should be in the daily supervision of the employer of occupational disease prevention and treatment of occupational health education and implementation of the content as the focus of regulatory content, Protect the health rights and interests of workers and reduce occupational injuries and occupational diseases.