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日本民众对“日中战争”的认识并不清晰,与战后对日本战争罪责的审判有密切关系。远东国际军事法庭对战争的最高指挥者给予严厉处罚,但是关于日本对亚洲,特别是对中国的责任问题审理得不够,因此日本国民对战争时期在中国犯下的罪行认识不够。1950~1970年代,日本国内围绕战争责任问题存在着承认和否定两方面的意见。1980年代,以教科书审定问题为契机,日本人的战争观出现变化。受到中国和韩国的严厉批判,日本政府修正了过去的政策,在某种程度上承认日本侵略行为的罪责。日本国民承认侵略行为的人数不断增加。目前,日本国内受到两种方向相反的潮流的共同影响,一是要求调查、追究日本战争责任的研究和运动深入开展,二是否定战争责任的历史修正主义仍有市场。这两种潮流的对立将对日本人的战争观带来相当大的影响。
Japanese people’s awareness of “Japan-China War ” is not clear, and the postwar war on Japan’s war crimes are closely related to the trial. The Far East International Military Tribunal severely penalized the top commanders of the war, but they did not hear enough about Japan’s responsibility for Asia, especially China. Therefore, Japanese nationals did not fully understand the crimes committed in China during the war. From the 1950s to the 1970s, there were two opinions on the question of responsibility for war in Japan. In the 1980s, taking the issue of textbook validation as an opportunity, the Japanese war outlook changed. Struggled severely by China and South Korea, the Japanese government amended its past policies to somewhat recognize the guilt of Japan’s aggressive behavior. The number of Japanese citizens who recognize acts of aggression is on the rise. At present, the two sides of Japan are subjected to the tide of opposite directions in common. First, investigations and investigations into the responsibility for Japan’s war are conducted in depth. The second is that there is still a market for historical revisionism that denies responsibility for war. The opposition between these two trends will have a considerable impact on the Japanese concept of war.