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目的:探讨认知行为护理对康复期的精神分裂症患者的疗效。方法:本研究为临床随机对照试验。选取符合国际疾病分类第10修订版(international Classification of diseases,ICD-10)中精神分裂症诊断标准的住院患者共80例,随机分配到认知行为治疗组(干预组,n=40)和对照心理治疗组(对照组,n=40),在药物治疗基础上分别接受12次认知行为护理和支持性心理健康教育。在基线采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行盲法评定,在经过12周的治疗后再次对患者进行SCL-90的评估。结果:经过12周的治疗,CBT组患者SCL-90总分各因子分的减分率均低于基线,其中躯体化(t=-7.569,P=0.000)、强迫(t=-14.642,P=0.000)、焦虑(t=-3.685,P=0.000)、敌对(t=-5.090,P=0.000)、偏执(t=-3.239,P=0.002)、精神病(t=-7.298,P=0.000),5个因子在治疗后两组的比较中,减分差异具有统计学意义,P<0.05。结论:认知行为护理能够有效改善康复期精神分裂症患者的部分残留症状,改善患者患者的心理健康水平。
Objective: To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioral nursing on patients with convalescent schizophrenia. Methods: This study was a clinical randomized controlled trial. A total of 80 inpatients eligible for diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia in the International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD-10) were enrolled and randomized to cognitive behavioral therapy (n = 40) and control Psychotherapy group (control group, n = 40) received 12 cognitive behavioral nursing and supportive mental health education on the basis of drug treatment. Blind assessments were performed at baseline using the Symptom Checklist of Symptoms (SCL-90) and patients were again assessed for SCL-90 after 12 weeks of treatment. Results: After 12 weeks of treatment, the scores of SCL-90 score in CBT group were all lower than the baseline scores. Somatization (t = -7.569, P = 0.000), forced (t = -14.642, P (T = -3.239, P = 0.002), psychosis (t = -7.298, P = 0.000), anxiety (t = -3.685, P = 0.000) ), Five factors in the two groups after treatment, the difference was statistically significant, P <0.05. Conclusion: Cognitive behavioral nursing can effectively improve some residual symptoms of patients with convalescent schizophrenia and improve their mental health.