一、历史回顾 农村贫困一直是困扰亚太发展中国家经济起飞的一大难题。回顾战后40多年亚太发展中国家的农村缓解贫困历史,可大致划分为两个阶段。第一阶段是指从战后到70年代末。在这个阶段中,由于受发达国家经济增长理论及实践的影响,亚太发展中国家主要通过增加国民生产总值(GNP),来间接解决农村贫困问题。从理论上讲,这一消除贫困途径源于西方的“涓滴(trickle down)理论”,该理论认为,只要一个社会的中上 I. Historical Review Rural poverty has always been a major problem that has plagued the economic takeoff of developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region. Looking back more than 40 years after the war in Asia-Pacific developing countries, the history of poverty alleviation in rural areas can be roughly divided into two stages. The first stage refers to the post-war to the late 70s. At this stage, due to the theory and practice of economic growth in the developed countries, the developing countries in the Asia-Pacific region indirectly address the issue of rural poverty by increasing their gross national product (GNP). In theory, this approach to eradicating poverty stems from the “trickle down” theory in the West. The theory holds that as long as a middle school