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本文叙述了11种类型的变形测量方案的工作原理、优缺点及应用举例,供设计蠕变和拉力试验机时作参考。这11种变形测量方案是:①机械式;②光学法;③电位计式变换器;④电阻丝变换器;⑤差动变压器变换器;⑥差动电容变换器;⑦自整角机系统;⑧光电引伸仪;⑨光电跟踪系统;⑩光栅数字显示系统;(11)其它测长新方法。
This paper describes the working principle, advantages, disadvantages and application examples of 11 types of deformation measurement schemes for reference when designing creep and tensile testing machines. The 11 kinds of deformation measurement programs are: ① mechanical; ② optical method; ③ potentiometer-type converter; ④ resistance wire converter; ⑤ differential transformer converter; ⑥ differential capacitance converter; ⑦ synchro system; ⑧ photoelectric extensometer; ⑨ photoelectric tracking system; ⑩ grating digital display system; (11) other new measuring method.